September, Sunday 28, 1862

Centerville.

In the meantime Sergeant Steckner has returned and is with me in my tent. Before I had the opportunity to report I am notified by Captain Theilkuhl, Assistant Adjutant General of the Division, that a forage party must leave for Manassas Gap to collect ordnance and other lost articles. I prepare myself to go along but first go over to the regiment to collect my salary from the paymaster $443.56 - for four months. When I returned the expedition already had left and I had to spur at full speed until I finally caught up with them.

Close by a farm near Manassas a great number of left and destroyed articles. Among other things nailed iron cannon whose gun carriage we destroyed. Many bayonets, limberboxes etc. etc. Here I find a beautiful colts revolver (navy) which I left with Assistant Adjutant General Theilkuhl, upon his request, with the understanding that he did not have one. Later I found out that he has a very beautiful one. - - "Oh how dirty."

The cannon was connected with a heavy cable (whch had been left there) To the front wagon of a guncarriage, attached to a freight wagon in the rear and so transported homewards. We had gone as far as the rail road of Manassas Gap where we found ruins of terrible destruction. About one hundred freight cars of the rail road with freight for delivery to the military. An endless row of iron implements, burned weapons, shot and burst bombs, chains, saws, vast stocks of horseshoes etc. axes, anvils. We loaded two wagons with horseshoes for the horses and mules. The fourth wagon pulled the cannon and had parts of weapons and accoutrements. Return arrival about three o'clock. Out there we met General Mc Leans brigade who were returning from an extended reconnaissance. They had been about eight miles beyond Manassas. Upon returning I find another wagonload of Infantry and Cavalry munitions in our camp which was found in a farmhouse in Centerville. (Northern Ammunition). Sergeant Steckner who went to Fairfax to obtain permission for disposal of the munitions which was given to us, for lack of transportation, by the Indiana battery, has returned and brings a letter from Captain Dessauer with $132 - which I am to pay out to the officers from the fortyfifth regiment for which purpose I go there and take care of several things. Bill from Pierz paid $17.97. - De Kalb and Blenker regiment are going as far as Stone Bridge. The horse which I borrowed from Fanninger (sentence not finished)

*******************************************************

Thus concludes the known existing diary of Friedrich Ludwig Bisky.

18 Oct 1817 - 2 May 1863

Photographic copy, of a portrait of Friedrich Bisky, drawn by Salomon Levy in 1849. Bisky was born in Prussia in 1817 and died at the Battle of Chancellorsville in May 1863. His military service file is available in NNMS. The photograph was donated by Dr. Kurt Wernicke of the Museum for German History in East Berlin*;  the original drawing is in the Jagella University Library in Krakow, Poland. The location of the negative is unknown.

Friedrich Ludwig Bisky

Birth Record copy

*Copy accessed 1986.

 

*******************************************************

I will periodically post further information about Louis Bisky and members of the 45th NY who were mentioned in the diary.

 

September, Saturday 27, 1862.

Washington.

Morning: I am riding to the transportation office in order to obtain from Captain Dana the wagons for for our weapons. Thereafter to General Quartermaster Colonel Rocke who tells me that the arsenal must send the goods by ship through Alexandria and then by railroad to us, as far as the railroad is going. - -

I ride to the arsenal and I am satisfied so that after dinner I am finished with my business in Washington.

Sergeant Heiland who promised the munitions for the Chief of Ordnance in Fairfax C.H. assumes the responsibility of taking my black mare along.

I am riding on quite pleasant roads with good weather, and, after an eight hour ride, arrive in Centerville.

September, Friday 26, 1862.

Washington.

In the morning I ride to Georgetown (by car) in order to receive a horse which quartermaster Rocke promised me (including trappings). There I find the last two wagons of the brigade with the camp utensils which are to be delivered to the government.

The horse which is determined for me is a black mare, a strong animal, a little neglected in cleanliness, which can perhaps be improved in appearance.

At the same time while in Georgetown I find Assistant Chief Officer of Ordnance Leibrand with my requisitions from the twentieth of September and General Ripley for signatures. I immediately requisition our quartermaster wagons in order to get the things out. Endless obstacles and running around. The business of turning over the wagons takes up my entire day, meantime I received the signed requisitions by Captain Schirmer Chief of Ordnance and General Ripley Chief of Ordnance of the whole. The result was that the wagons had to be delivered to the Government and I had to requisition new ones the following morning. I also was in the Ordnance Department (No. 42) in the morning where I asked for and received an ordnance manual and formula.

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One hundred fifty years later, government red tape and running around chasing your tail, things never change.

September, Thursday 25, 1862

Washington.

Morning: Delivery of articles to the arsenal. The quartermaster again cannot be located to deliver the wagons, finally about three-four o'clock he is found by the wagonmaster.

In the evening I meet friend Kallenberg from the fiftysecond regiment whose wife and children are now with him. By Engelhard and Unger interesting acquaintance of a former Prussian soldier who also was in the service (Austria) and participated in the Beleaguering of Vienna.

Endless hardships of the regiments under General Sumner and General Mac Clellan by Richmond. Lack of transportation. Just like us. For all privations. The fiftysecond regiment counts hardly one hundred and fifty men.

September, Wednesday 24, 1862

Centerville to Washington.

An empty wagontrain which is to obtain forage for the brigade is leaving for Washington. I receive my pass and leave towards noon on horseback comfortably trotting and at times galloping. The road is good and an occasional light rain is keeping the dust down. This time our road leads through Fairfax C.H., Anandale and Hunters Chapel. Interesting memories, looking back on to all the different places where in the past we did picket duty. Customhouse, the old customcollector a year older. Anandale schoolhouse etc. My munition wagon remains about one half hour behind the empty wagons.

In Fairfax we meet paymaster Johnson who at this moment is about to leave with heavy guard for Centerville, in order to pay the regiments after five months of duty. This time they are paid for four months. In the evening about eight-thirty o'clock arrival in Washington. Great difficulty finding the other wagons. Carelessness on part of the quartermaster who is sitting in the prescothouse. I lodge in the Union Hotel, fifty cents per night, noon - meal thirty cents evening meal and breakfast twentyfive cents. The price for horse is seventyfive cents per day.

The wagonmaster during the time of the battle by Bull Run was taking care of General Sigel's horses. He related very interesting reports about the General whom he adores.

*******************************************************

The Union Hotel, a three story structure, was in Georgetown. During the Civil War it was turned into a hospital as were many other buildings in Washington. Louisa May Alcott served there as a nurse for two months during the Civil War, she wrote a partially fictionalized book about her experience, Hospital Sketches. In her book she notes it had poor ventilation, damp cellars and no provision for bathing.

To see a photograph of the hotel and read a bit about Louisa May Alcott's experience go to:

 <blog.americanhistory.si.edu/osaycanyousee/2011/07/scenes-from-the-hurly-burly-hotel-louisa-may-alcotts-civil-war.html>

See also:

<xroads.virginia.edu/~cap/hospital/whitman.htm>

for further information about Civil War Hospitals in Washington, DC and Walt Whitman's experience there.
 

September, Tuesday 23, 1862

Centerville.

I don't feel quite as exhausted after this horseback ride as I did after my first one in Sperryville. Today I am again doing quite a lot of riding.

A number of twelve pound howitzer (?) cartridges and canister shells, fissured, were found hidden close by the headquarters of the regiment, in a blockbarrack (sic) covered with an old shingle roof. Great stocks of weapons, munition, quartermaster articles and medical supplies have been found in many places all over the entire neighborhood. During our return march  we burned some of it and left the rest. I have been instructed to collect the munitions etc. and gather a wagonload full, which I deliver to Washington the following day.

September, Monday 22, 1862

Balls Crossroad to Centerville.

In the morning the main quarters of the division and brigade are marching, also the wagontrain. Great disorder of the transportation for wagons are lacking.

Only the twentyseventh and fortyfirst regiment have their munitions on their wagons. The eighth and fortyfifth regiment have left great stocks of other articles behind, including munitions. - The brigade quartermaster also has left various articles, among others the weapon parts I found (Karoliner) and the box with repair articles. During the march I manage quite nicely with the horse also my riding skill. We arrived by good weather towards evening in Centerville (via Falls Church.) For the time being no tents are to be erected. The headquarters are in a farmhouse. I sleep outside.

Towards morning heavy dew.

September, Sunday 21, 1862

Balls Crossroad.

At noon Ordnance Sergeant Steckner who has been assigned by Washington to ordnance duty for the brigade arrives. He accompanies me to the regiments and later in the afternoon returns to Washington in order to take care of the requisitions.

Evening: Marching orders.

The regiments are to announce immediately through their adjutants  when departing. Special orders: The muntion train shall have guards for protections.

Fanninger, sorter of the adjutance (sic), offers the usage of his horse to me, since he claims to be ill. I accept for feeding and generally taking care of the animal.

Great confusion since marchingorders (sic) arrived very unexpectedly. I pack my things and quite late, write the consolidated requisitions in three copies.

September, Saturday 20, 1862

Balls Crossroad.

Morning: I am working on the requisitions for weapons etc. Since they still are scarce and have in the meantime been raised by some regiments I again find it necessary to go into discussion about the twenty-seventh regiment.

September, Friday 19, 1862

Balls Crossroad.

Today in the afternoon he told me that he spoke with Sigel's Adjutant Meisenburg who accepts and acknowledges my rights. 

The quartermaster is to issue the requisition.

The requisitions of the regiments for weapons are very much in absence and I find it necessary to speak with the Ordnance Sergeant about it so I can issue them myself with the exception of the twenty-seventh regiment who have promised to send same in the afternoon but have neglected to do so.

September, Thursday 18, 1862

Balls Crossroad.

Yesterday morning I prepared a requisition for a horse for myself, however Chief Von Gilsa hesitates to sign since he feels that he wants to discuss it on Friday with the quartermaster.

September, Wednesday 17, 1862

To Balls Crossroad.

I receive fifteen boxes of munitions for the brigade and return, complete the requisitions for the regiments and deliver same with munitions.

In the field of Georgetown where a quartermaster train stopped, I find a box with parts of gunlocks.

September, Tuesday 16, 1862

Washington.

Delivery of munitions to get to know the business procedure of the arsenal. The various articles are delivered into different storehouses and the receipts for same are given as verification for the invoice to the paymaster's office (Captain Stevens) who signs receipt. I delivered among other items fortysix guns, about ten different kinds, to Sergeant Wiegand.

In the evening I meet friend Kallenberg from the fifty-second regiment, who at present is on sick leave in Washington.

September, Monday 15, 1862

Balls Crossroad, Washington.

I receive orders through Lieutenant Lybrand to deliver the munitions to Georgetown. I obtain a pass to go there and have a chance to ride with quartermaster Rocke. The wagons with the munitions already are on the road to Washington. - I have great trouble finding quartermaster Rocke.

Towards evening the wagons are again going back to their camp in Georgetown, first a storehouse is to be rented. -

Monday evening visit to friend Engel in Washington. Most gracious there reception there. I find Mrs. Hamann with her three most beautiful children.

At night I ride back to Georgetown to the camp where the wagons are located. Great victory by ours causes excitement in Washington. 

*******************************************************

Surely celebrating the Battles at South Mountain. Little does he know that on this same day the devastating Battle at Harper's Ferry is going to have a far different effect.

September, Sunday 14, 1862

Balls Crossroad.

Day of rest.

Busy with generalities in settling. Towards noon I receive information from quartermaster Rocke that he still has seven loads of munitions in his charge which he wishes to deliver. Consequently I go to General Sigel's headquarters in the evening to obtain orders from the Chief of Ordnance.

In the meantime Captain Shirmer was appointed Chief of Ordnance in place of Captain Dalgreen, I shall be notified tomorrow. It was dark upon returning and I was compelled by the pickets to get the countersign from General Pyatt (?)

After I had proven my identity.

"PHARSALIA"

Moreover I missed my road.

September, Saturday 13, 1862

From Uptonshill to Balls Crossroad.

Morning: Marching orders to Balls Crossroad.

Arrival at Headquarters about noon, a beautiful place of a farm.

Tents are being erected.

Captain Sirinz who has been to Washington and spent several days there has returned. He has contracted a lame right arm and shoulder with an inflammation of the skin.

In the beginning he uses my tent.

September, Friday 12, 1862

Towards Uptonshill.

Morning: Report of Lieutenant Dietz arrival from New York with recruits and of his wishing for immediate departure. - 

Marching orders for one-half-hour to outpostduty of the brigade to Uptonshill, a fort about eight miles west from Washington. I remain behind in order to go with the wagons. Great shortage of capable direction in packing of the wagons. After a delay of several hours these too depart. I travel on one of them.

Arrival in Uptonshill towards noon.

Uptonshill is a highly situated fort or rather entrenchment and has in its center a deep well. Our brigade is being divided in the neighbohood. Schirmers battery and six cannons into the fort. A short time ago General Mac Griffin with his brigade camped in the fields close by the fort. Among others the Sixty-second Pennsylvania and Thirty-second Massachusetts. The old camps apparently were left in a hurry which arouses suspicion of a sudden flight rather than a departure. The fields are covered with all kinds of objects: weapons, discarded accoutrements, munition, clothing, some new, packs, blankets etc. etc. Ambulance wagons only partly damaged with five thousands cartridges sixty-nine cal. etc. etc. A great supply of hospital equipment. During last night we had a thunderstorm with rain and many of these things were soaked. I report about the ordnance objects to Chief Von Gilsa, who in the beginning instructed me to write to General Griffin about it, if he wants to enact or dispose of these objects. However since we were notified that we will be relieved by the second brigade the following morning, we shall notify the commander of the relieveing outposts, Colonel Smith, so he can take care and rescue the ordnance objects. Since it has started to rain again in the evening, I put covers over munitions etc.

For the night I sleep with all the writings of the brigade under the veranda of the farmhouse where the headquarters telegraph office ect. are located. -

Haughty, silly lady with strong secessionist coating. (sic)

September, Thursday 11, 1862

By Fort De Kalb.

I consolidate the information according to the reports about ammunition and send them to Captain Dahlgreen in the afternoon. I pay to the cook Joseph as share for kitchen $5 - deducted on account

September, Wednesday 10, 1862

By Fort De Kalb.

The following morning I receive orders through Lieutenant Lybrand to immediately present a consolidated report about the weapons of the brigade. I prepare same according to presented schedule and records about munitions, as well as the requisitions for weapons and other verbal communications for basic foundation. The requisitions for munitions are demanded for tomorrow.

September, Tuesday 9, 1862

By Halls Hill - Fort De Kalb.

In the morning I again report at headquarters and I am sent to lieutenant Lybrand who is assistant Officer of Ordnance of the the First Army Corps of Virginia under Captain Dahlgreen (sic) Chief of Ordnance. For the time being I receive very general instructions. After that I report to Colonel Von Gailsa, Commander of the First Brigade for General Stahl who at present is commanding the division in place of General Schenk who was wounded by Bull Run.

Colonel Von Gilsa receives me friendly and tells me to, for the time being, march with the regiment for right now the tents of the brigade's headquarters are being dismantled. We have quite a hot and dusty march.

Bivouac near Fort De Kalb.

We arrive about noon on a forestwing. (sic) After a short rest I leave the regiment to go to the headquarters of the brigade, where the tents are being erected quite late, in a farm yard.

In the meantime orders were issued to present information about munitions (account.)

Same presented by the adjutancy is returned to me as incomplete, accompanied with a schedule whereafter I draw up a new one which I have to send to Captain Dahlgreen in the morning. After I receive the information from the regiment I send the report with an orderly to General Sigel's headquarters.

Nine o'clock in the evening a letter from Lieutenant Lybrand arrives informing me that the report was not delivered. I send a different orderly with the information of the entire transaction.

"The letter is found."

Since the tent I first moved into was requisitioned by Doctor Peale of the brigade, I sleep in the tent with the Captain Brigadier Adjutant of the brigade. 

September, Monday 8, 1862

By Halls Hill.

Drinking bout by several of our young officers. (By Landmann wine.) Letande had to be put under arrest by the officer of the day. In the afternoon I am notified by Chief Amsberg through Lieutenant Basson of my reappointment to "Officer of Ordnance First Brigade First Division First Army Corps Virginia." This time the organization is by orders of General Sigel and Adjutant General Meisenberg.

Special Order No. 46

"Brigade Commanders will at once detail an officer, mounted if possible, who will act as Ordnance Officer for their respective commands. All the officers so detailed at one report to these headquarters in person."

By order General Sigel

Adjutant - General Meisenburg.

Already in the evening I go to report. Since adjutant Meisenburg is not there I report to Adjutant Captain Asmussen who informs me to come again in the morning. At night marching readiness.

We sleep on our rubber blankets since our baggage already has been put into the wagons.

September, Sunday 7, 1862

Halls Hill.

March to Halls Hill, General Sigel's headquarters. We have a gorgeous view upon Washington. The first night we camp in a magnificent oakforest, close by an open field where our wagons are located. We eat and drink thoroughly and administer to ourselves while enjoying this beautiful weather. Bluehmel, Company C, has fried an excellent beefsteak for us and so on. In the evening Hoefer and I visit Pierz and we drink with Schaefer.

The Chief and his wife arrive. The Chief appointed Schaefer to Brevet Lieutenant and he is very friendly, especially towards me, from whom he wants enlightenment about conditions of our regiment. 

(Lack of discipline etc.)

He told us that during the battle, he was commanded as Field Officer on General Sigel's staff, which was disputed by others.

September, Saturday 6, 1862

By Lewinsville.

Towards seven o'clock march.

We march close to Halls Hill onto a pleasant knoll.

Pierz arrived and he has butter in a bladder, condensed milk, etc. Hoefer, Mueller and I enjoy ourselves thoroughly. For the first time bread is again delivered to the brigade. In the evening Chief Wratislaw has a scene with a drunken soldier, who among other things criticized his behavior on the battlefield. He supposedly remained with his wounded horse and to have held a funeral oration for it, instead of commanding the regiment etc. on the battlefield. Consequently Chief Colonel Wratislaw draws his sabre and wounds the soldier deep in the shoulder. Some excitement among the men with soon abates. - - -

During the night Captain Leonhard arrives with about two companies who were left on the outposts without being relieved of notified.

I drink a bottle of champagne with Dr. Idler. He tells wonderful things about our Generals and so on, during the battle by Bullrun.

*******************************************************

Don't you wish he had written some of the stories he was told!

*******************************************************

RUF, ANDREAS,-Age, 26 years, Enlisted at New York city, to serve three years, and mustered in as a corporal, Co. C, September 10, 1861; returned to ranks, no date; deserted, May 1, 1862, near Winchester, Va.

45th_Infantry_CW_Roster  @p. 385
See post of May 8.

MULLER, ERNST.-Age, 27 years. Enlisted August 29, 1861, at New York city, to serve three years; mustered in as first sergeant, Co. C, September 9, 1861; discahrged for disability, March 1, 1863, near Potomac Bridge, Va.

45th_Infantry_CW_Roster  @p. 365
See post of March 16.

SCHOENECKER, JOHN W.-Age, 38 years. Enrolled, September 1, 1861, at New York city, to serve three years; mustered in as captain, Co. C, October 7, 1861; discharged, March 11, 1862; commissioned captain, November 4, 1861, with rank from September 9, 1961, original.

45th_Infantry_CW_Roster  @p. 396
See post of March 18.

DIETZ, HENRY.-Age, 35 years. Enrolled, September 2, 1861, at New York city, to serve three years; mustered in as first sergeant, Co. D, September 9, 1861; as second lieutenant, Co. C, March 11, 1862; as first lieutenant, Co. H, November 1, 1862; tranferred to Co. B, January 1863;  mustered in as captin, May 3, 1863; captured in action, July 1, 1863 at Gettysburg, Ps.; paroled, no date; discharged, March 12, 1865; commissioned second lieutenant, May 26, 1862, with rank from March 11, 1862, vice L. Bisky, promoted;
first lieutenant, November 19, 1862, with rank from August 31, 1862, vice M. Peter, discharged; captain, August 7, 1863, with rank from May 2, 1863, vice F.A, Desseuer, killed in action.

45th_Infantry_CW_Roster  @p. 276
See post of March 17.
 

September, Friday 5, 1862

By Lewinsville.

We still remain here in the same place for today, yet our wagons advance for only one mile or so.

Sutler Schellenberg arrives.

I take for myself and Nachtmann credit for $2-.

Likewise Landmann arrives at night. I take with Hoefer together, a bottle of wine billed to Hoefer and one bottle billed to me. The latter I returned for tickets since the wine for $1.25 was spoiled. I am Officer of the Day and I have some trouble during the night with drunks.

Captain Leonhard on outpost.

September, Thursday 4, 1862

By Lewinsville.

Marchingreadiness (sic) at four o'clock in the morning however we remain here the entire day.

In front and along side us still many other regiments. 

During the night Adjutant Kandler brought me a parcel which Pierz had brought from New York. It contained my uniform, underwear, chocolate and roasted flour. To put on a clean shirt was of great comfort to me especially so since we have not seen our baggage from the time we left our camp in Sulphur Springs.* Afternoon about two or three o'clock our battery, about two miles in front of us, was active without our visibility of the enemy nor could we hear return activity from them. Likewise during the night we heard a distant cannonade in the direction of Alexandria.

*******************************************************

*Probably about the 24th of August.

 
TILBACH, ALOIS.-Age, 45 years. Enrolled, September 2, 1861, at New York city to serve three years; mustered in as second lieutenant, Co. D, September 24, 1861; as first lieutenant Co. G, July 1, 1862; discharged, January 11, 1863; commissioned second lieutenant, November 4, 1861, with rank from September 24, 1861, original; first lieutenant, August 28, 1862, with rank from June 15, 1862, vice Theo. Durban, promoted. 

45th_Infantry_CW_Roster  @p. 415
See post of March 7.

MATTHESIUS, HENRY.-Age, 35 years. Enrolled, September 6, 1861, at New York city, to serve three years; mustered in as sergeant-major, September 9, 1861; as second lieutenant, Co. B, January 18, 1862; discharged, July 21, 1862; also borne as Matthews; not commissioned second lieutenant.

45th_Infantry_CW_Roster  @p. 355
 See post of March 7.

LUTZ, CHARLES F.-Age, 23 years. Enrolled, September 2, 1861, at New York city, to serve three years; mustered in as first lieutenant, Co. D, September 9, 1961; discharged, September 1, 1862; commissioned first lieutenant, November 4, 1861, with rank from September 9, 1861, original.

45th_Infantry_CW_Roster  @p. 352
See post of March 7.

HOCHLEITNER, CHARLES.-Age, 50 years. Enrolled, September 4, 1861, at New York city, to serve three years; mustered in as captain, Co. I, September 9, 1861; discharged September 12, 1862; prior service in Co. C, Twentieth Infantry; commissioned captain, November 4, 1861, with rank from September 4, 1861, original; recommissioned, April 5, 1862, with rank from March 10, 1862, vice, himself, resigned.

45th_Infantry_CW_Roster  @p. 317
 See post of March 8.

CSERMELYI, JOSEPH.-Age, 31 years. Enrolled, September 6, 1861, at New York city, to serve three years; mustered in as first lieutenant, Co. K, October 3, 1861; transferred to Co. I, November 22, 1861; mustered in as captain, Co. G, June 15, 1862; discharged October 3, 1862; commissioned first lieutenant, November 4, 1861, with rank from September 6, 1861, original; captain, July 21, 1862, with rank from May 16, 1862, vice A. Bracklin, discharged.

45th_Infantry_CW_Roster  @p. 272
See post of March 8.

September, Wednesday 3, 1862

Lewinsville across Georgetown.

Here is where we bivouac for several hours behind General Sigel's headquarters. (Tavern)

The surrounding countryside supplies a lot of apples, peaches etc. for the soldiers, however a strong tendency to plunder other belongings again is shown by some.

In the afternoon of the third, the brigade moves in a southern direction to a sort of outpost duty.

Southern direction of Lewinsville.

********************************************************

The diary entries are short again, so I am taking the opportunity to enter information about more men who have been mentioned in the diary.

*******************************************************

GRASSAN, HENRY.-Age, 34 years. Enrolled, August 29, 1861, at New York city, to serve 3 years; mustered in as first lieutenant, Co. C, September 20, 1861; transferred to Co. K, December 22, 1861; wounded in action, June 8, 1862, at Cross Keys, Va.; died of his wounds, June 21, 1862, at Harrisonberg, Va.; commissioned first lieutenant, November 4, 1861, with rank from September 9, 1861, original. 

45th_Infantry_CW_Roster  @p. 301

LINK, CHARLES.-Age, 34 years. Enrolled, September 17, 1861, at New York city, to serve three years; mustered in as corporal, Co. C, September 14, 1861; promoted sergeant, December 1, 1862; wounded in action, July 3, 1823, at Gettysburg, Pa.; died of his wounds, August 17, 1863, at New York city.  

See post of March 5.
45th_Infantry_CW_Roster  @p. 349

MAURER, JOSEPH,-Age, 34 years. Enlisted, August 29, 1861, at New York city to serve three years; mustered in as sergeant Co. C, September 9, 1861; discharged for disability, December 4, 1862, at General Hospital, Fairfax Seminary, Va.

See post of March 5.
45th_Infantry_CW_Roster  @p. 356

September, Tuesday 2, 1862

Centerville Fairfax C.H.

Our march was extremely difficult.

Through the heavy rain the road had become very slippery and was in part flooded. Infantry, cavalry, artillery, even wagons were at times next to one another or in complete confusion. Our regiment was separated part of the time and after the main forces were again combined, we had to rest at daybreak about one mile from Fairfax for an hour or so to enable all to assemble again.

Morning:   March through Fairfax C.H.

Bivouac on a hill by Fairfax.

Rations of coffee and crackers are distributed. About four o'clock in the afternoon departure to Lewinsville* with an entire army corps. The march during the night was interrupted many times through halts and pushing of throngs. Our regiment again is separated and assembles near Arlington Heights or Church Falls. In the morning, dead tired, we arrive in Lewinsville. During our returnmarch (sic) from Centerville we hear of a battle which had taken place the night before last, close by Fairfax,** Generals Stevens and Geary were killed, also between four to five hundred dead and wounded suffered by ours. ------*** for us.

This success saved our army.

*******************************************************

*From Wikipedia: Traditionally, the center of Lewinsville has been located at the crossroads of Lewinsville and Chain Bridge Roads.

**Battle of Chantilly (VA)

***This word is illegible in the copy of the diary.

September, Monday 1, 1862

Centerville.

Rest.

Wagon upon wagon are returning to the battlefield as, Doctor Idler assures us, thousands of wounded are to be collected. During our return march at night, on the day of the battle, our Colonel Amsberg had already hurried far ahead to Fairfax and did not return until the following day to Centerville. On the day of the battle he was in General Siegel's Staff -----

In the evening a violent thunderstorm with a terrific downpour of rain. At night just as we are ready to retire, the brigade is marched to about ten minutes outside of Centerville in the direction of the road to New Market. Here we sleep under arms for about two to three hours in order to start the march during the night to Fairfax C.H.

*******************************************************

Corporal Pfoertner: (see yesterday's post)

PFORTNER, CHARLES.-Age, 30 years. Enlisted at New York city, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Co. C, October 7, 1861; promoted corporal, July 5, 1862; discharged for disability, March 16, 1863, near Potomac Creek Bridge, Va.

45th_Infantry_ CW_Roster  @p. 376 

IDELER, HERMAN.-Age, 41 years. Enrolled, September 9, 1861, at New York city, to serve three years; mustered in as surgeon, October 9, 1861; discharged, April 18, 1863; commissioned surgeon, November 4, 1861, with rank from Ocotber 9, 19861, original.

45th_Infantry_CW_Roster  @p. 323

August, Sunday 31, 1862

Bullrun.

In the morning before Centerville we caught up with our regiment and we marched with them to Centerville where we still find the same barracks of the Rebels that we found here when we went through here last March. At the time regiment upon regiment arrived here and were put up in forts and bivouacs.

Abundance of crackers and salted meat from provision wagons which on the way here met with an accident and had to be unloaded. Likewise trains of ambulances and army wagons are arriving with wounded, of which some will remain in the hospital here and some will be sent further on to Fairfax and Washington. Among the latter Captain Spangenberg*, Lieutenant Heisterberg**, Sergeant Ives*** who is in great pain with his knee and Corporal Pfoertner. The army was marching the entire day. Rations have been distributed in the meantime and are cooked regularly. The following day rest in Centerville.

******************************************************

*SPANGENBERG, JOSEPH.-Age, 31 years. Enrolled, September 3, 1861, at New York city to serve three years; mustered in as first lieutenant, Co. H, September 19, 1861; transferred to Co. B, November 23, 1861; mustered in as captain, Co. H, March 18, 1862; wounded in action, August 31, 1862, at Bull Run, Va., and May 2, 1863, at Chancellorsville, Va.; mustered out, March 15, 1865, at Nashville, Tenn.; commisssioned first lieutenant, November 4, 1861, with rank from September 3, 1861, original; captain, November 19, 1862, with rank from March 18, 1862, vice F. Bickelhaupt, resigned; lieutenant-colonel, not mustered, February 18, 1965, with rank from January 18, 1865, vice C. Koch, resigned.   @p. 406

**HEISTERBERGH, FRANZ.-Age, 22 years. Enlisted, October 21, 1861, at New York city, to serve three years; mustered in as private, Co. G, October 24, 1861; promoted sergeant, April 4, 1862; mustered in as second lieutenant, Co. D, November 22, 1862; as first lieutenant, Co. I, April 18, 1863; discharged on consolidation, June 30, 1865, at Nashville, Tenn.; commissioned second lieutenant, February 20, 1863, with rank from November 22, 1862, vice C. Benss, promoted; first lieutenant, June 3, 1863, with rank from April 10, 1863, vice R. Koblank, resigned; captain, September 16, 1864, with rank from August 26, 1864, vice A.R. Basson, resigned; commission as captain withdrawn.   @p. 313



***IVES, RICHARD S.-Age, 34 years. Enlisted, August 20, 1861, at New York city, to serve three years; mustered in as sergeant, Co. G, September 14, 1861; wounded in action, August 30, 1862, at Bull Run, Va.;died of his wounds, March 18, 1863, at Washington, D.C.    @p. 324

All: 45th_Infantry_CW_Roster

August, Saturday 30, 1862

Battlefield.

In the morning bouillon with beef, rice and coffee. Every now and then cannon shooting, otherwise rest. Troops still continue to arrive from all sides. The brigade will be marching off about three-thirty o'clock. The fire to our left, toward south, which had quieted down starts anew. The sky has been grey and cloudy all day therefore oppressive humidity with a slight breeze. Towards three o'clock numerous wounded are brought in from the battlefield. Now our brigade too, is being led forward, right Blenkers, twenty-seventh-forty-fifth left De Kalb. We march about one-eighth of a mile and halt behind the elevation of a hill, left from a farmhouse. In front of us, however not seen by us, rages the battle. The wounded are brought in from all directions, some led and some carried by comrades. Others arrive alone with or without weapons, on horseback and on foot. A captain - a strong handsome man shot through the breast hanging with both arms on the shoulders of soldiers. Others on stretchers, a Colonel Towers, wounded, is carried past us in his uniform. Now to the right of us, regiment after regiment is returning over the hill, consisting of small groups of men and everyone flocking around his flag.

Battlefield by New Market Bullrun.              [p. 2]

"A most painful sight."

Yet, we too, united after such sacrifices, want to return. Now we advance. Vigorous and determined, we too are ready to give our last drop of blood if victory cannot be bought any other way. Our brigade still is under the command of General Stahl.

The Blenkers and the twenty-seventh advance - forty-fifth and De Kalb after them, the last ones on a hill on which a farm used to be located, fortyfifth to the right of the farm, De Kalb to the left. We are there as cover for the battery (regular) and to the left of us are standing under a very heavy cannonade from the front as well as from our left.

After a short halt we are led into the garden along the fence of the farm under the lead of Chief Wratislaw. We are then in control of the valley where right now the enemy broke out of the brush and are chasing two regiments of ours in front of them 5th N.Y. Duryeas Suaves? and Brooklyn forteenth regiment. By the time ours retreated into our lines, the enemy had reached the middle of the valley, themselves not very well organized, they presumably try to flank our battery which, right now, lets loose with a terrific fire towards them. In that precise moment we too start with our file firing, although not too regulated, still is so effective that the enemy retreats. With rejoicing and cheers we follow over 

Battle by Bullrun - New Market.                [p. 3]

fence and ditches down into the valley until the enemy disappears into the brush. In the heat of the pursuit our men too managed to get into the same disorder the enemy had shown before and all efforts to get them back into line to make a proper stand along the fence in the valley was fruitless since authoritative command was lacking. Chief Colonel Wratislaw, whose horse was wounded, could not be found anywhere and the regiment was obliged to return to the farm in order to let the batteries operate to full effect. As we arrive there we find the batteries divided into two fronts, besides the second Wisconsin regiment. Here too the fire of the artillery was quite heavy. After a short period we are ordered to retreat without apparent reason. We retreat under a continuous hail of bombs out of the entire battlerange.

About a half mile from the battlefield we are put into division formation. During the battle, up by the farm, Corporal Pfoertner Company C, received a light wound in the shoulder, Captain Spangenberg a shot through the left side between the ribs. Wounded through the knee one Sergenat Ives, Company C and so on.

After the battle we count sixtynine wounded, including two dead, aside from that, one is fatally wounded. Captain Hoefer received a grazing shot through the top of his hat. Sergeant Maurer Company C was hit on his back with a piece of matted bomb where it bounced off and it flew against Lieutenant Basson's neck without doing damage to either one of them. Brevet Lieutenant Heisterberg also was hit with a 

Battle by Bullrun and New Market.            [p. 4]

piece of matted bomb on his nose and cheek for he was looking up, at the time, the consequences were a terrific nosebleed and a badly swollen face. Sergeant Weber a pointed bullet diagonally through his nose. The rebels have cartridges and three pointed bullets. Hence many lightly wounded etc. Up by the farm was a very unfortunate one shot through his belly and through his arm close by the hand; he was lying there helpless and the fighting soldiers from different regiments had to pass him a number of times.

As we marched back from the battlefield apparently completely out of line of fire when a stray bullet came through the forest and wounded a Sergeant through the arm. While we chasing the Rebels back into the forest a number of them remained behind on a field in the valley and were trying to hide by throwing themselves onto the ground.An officer and two privates were taken prisoners. Woerle, Company C, took the officers. He relieved him of his revolver and swordbelt. The swordbelt, a good as new, and of durability. According to regulations of the United States I bought the swordbelt from Woerle for $2 - since mine is quite worn out. The officer apparently had thrown his sabre away before taken prisoner.
According to his statements three mixed up regiments of Rebels are in the forest before us; Second Miss? By sundown our brigade again had retreated from the battlefield onto a hill.

Battle by Bullrun                                  [p. 5]

I was hastily ordered to accompany a transport of wounded to the hospital. Before they could be gathered darkness had set in and I only had three wounded of which one of them was shot through the breast. He was accompanied by four men on the Centerville road where I was supposed to find another troop in order to bring them to the hospital. I found there returning regiments who advised us to go with them. We were told that the enemy is advancing from the side. Here we had to wade through a river "Bullrun" and since regiment upon regiment surged forward in the darkness we had great difficulty in remaining together. Nevertheless the return march proceeded fairly quietly and only through the great masses who were at the same time marching together through darkness as well as forests, became a little irregular. Later half way to Centerville many stragglers severd (sic) from us and here and there grouped around watchfires and cooked coffee etc. Our small train of seven men who in all the congestion, were separated and the only Corporal Frey, who had suffered a light grazing shot through his shoulder made more about it than it was worth. We had to rest on account of him and after giving him coffee I had difficulty transporting him further.

*******************************************************

The majority of the action today took place to the north of the intersection of Warrenton Turnpike and Manassas Sudley Road. The regiments are so closely massed on the map that many of them are unmarked, therefore it is not possible for me to pinpoint the exact location of the 45th. Duryea's brigade is at the front along the unfinished railroad just to left of halfway between Lewis Road and Manassas Sudley Road.

TROOP MOVEMENT MAP 9

SECOND BATTLE OF MANASSAS
AUGUST 30, 1862   12:00 MIDNIGHT  to 12:00 NOON

MANASSAS NATIONAL BATTLEFIELD PARK, VIRGINIA
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR : NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

379  |25,001
DSC|Oct. '85

Between noon and 3 P.M. Stahel's brigade was to the south and east behind Dogan Ridge NW of the corner of Warrenton Turnpike and Manassas Sudley Road.

TROOP MOVEMENT MAP 10

Between 3:00 and 3:45 P.M. Stahel's brigade and the 45th NY regiment were hard by Warrenton Turnpike just to east of J Dogan.

TROOP MOVEMENT MAP 11       

August, Friday 29, 1862

Battle by Bullrun.

About eight o'clock: After drinking coffee and helping one another in comradery with rations and crackers, the battle again is resumed. We have to change our positions repeatedly and for the time being combat is confined to artillery fire, from the enemy only a weak return.

It appears we will have a hot day.

Already during the course of the morning we had to withstand a few heavy cannonades.

First we had to cross a summit under heavy battery fire, some double quick. Korh, Company C, who was only two paces ahead of me was hit on the butt of his gun by a bomb fragment whereat weakened it glided off and only tore a hole in his jacket on the shoulder. After this we reached a hollow in front of a farmhouse where we had to lie down in a complete hail of bombs and case shots for fifteen minutes. One man from the De Kalb regiment was killed, also others and about forty-five wounded.

General Milroy on horseback observes that part of the brigade retreat from the fire, eighth and (H.J.?) He rides up and down amid a rain of fire and scolds them "cowards to leave their posts," and he challenges us to point our guns onto the enemy. At that instant a bomb explodes close by him which forces him to lie down with his horse.

After that orders arrive from General Stahl to retreat through a hollow road into the forest. Upon arrival we find several from our regiment missing. (Wirth from Company C) some are being brought in wounded. In the afternoon from two to three o'clock our brigade was under a total hail of bombs. In front of our regiment the Blenkers as Tiralleurs (skirmishers) on a hill. From time to time also lively musketfire.

Several enemy cannonballs also hit our regiment and wound quite a number of men. We lie down on the ground.

Wonderful is the music which the different weapons, bombs, cannonballs, bullets etc. create, musical tones in all keys, singing, howling, whistling, growling, hissing etc. etc, Some howl like humming-tops. The impression upon ones nerves for any length of time is sleep inducing.

Company A also was assigned to the (Tiralleur) skirmisher-chain of the Blenkers.

Sergeant Erhard killed, also a private. Three-thirty o'clock: The brigade now is marching out into the open field where from all sides colossal masses of our troops are moving up. We are told by eyewitnesses (Captain Dessauer* and others) that an enemy brigade from the fourth regiment broke out of the forest and forced a brigade of our to fall back.

At that precise moment our battery directs its murdering fire upon one of these enemy regiments which carries a proud flag. Tremendous shooting. Three-quarters of the regiment is destroyed, also one flag. Yet few of them flee. Rising from the ground, one man runs into the close by forest where upon the rest of the regiment retreats within a short time.

Our rations are now consumed.

(I cannot decipher the next sentence. I believe it pertains to rations and what happened to them. The only words I can make out are missed. Company C. prepared.)*

However instead Lieutenant Lutz with platoon from Company F was assigned.

Right after that about six o'clock our brigade is returned to the same hill where we camped and slept last night. Wagons with crackers arrive at the very moment we are led closer to the main battlefield, where heavy guns and musket-fire continue their bloody work. Here on a hill we rest. We receive twenty-two crackers, coffee and sugar as well are distributed. Meat and soup are to be cooked.

Suddenly orders to break up camp for march. "Jackson wants to make his get away" it is said. We take a hill more towards west. On our way we meet General Sigel with a regiment of U.S. Artillery which it is said was fetched by him personally from Front Royal. "Great Rejoicing" - We finally remain over night, while about one and one-half miles from here, by the wagons, rice and meat are being cooked for us.

Company F and K for pickets.

Several times during the night musket volleys by the Blenker pickets. 

The enemy cavalry supposedly is moving up. Ours, the forty-fifth pickets, are called in. The regiments proceed under arms. Later we lie down - ready at moments notice - and sleep undisturbed until morning.

**********************************************************************************

*Comment of the translator.
  
Between 3 A.M. and 10 A.M., Siegel's Corp Headquarters had moved across Warrenton Turnpike to the vicinity of Dogan Ridge. The not all the individual regiments are marked on the map.

Troop Movement Map 3
SECOND BATTLE OF MANASSAS
 August 29, 1862 3:00 A.M. to 10:00 A.M.

MANASSAS NATIONAL BATTLEFIELD PARK, VIRGINIA
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR : NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

379  |25,001
DSC|Oct. '85

Between 10 A.M. and 12:00 Noon, Siegel's Headquarters  had moved closer to the Unfinished Railroad line, and more or less directly across the line facing Jackson's Headquarters.

Troop Movement Battle Map 4
SECOND BATTLE OF MANASSAS
August 29, 1862  10:00 A.M. to 12:00 NOON

Between 12:00 Noon and 2:00 P.M. the NY 45th had moved south and west to the corner of Warrenton Turnpike and Lewis Lane, west of Chinn Ridge.


Troop Movement Battle Map 5
August 29, 1862  12:00 NOON to 2:00 P.M.

 

August, Thursday 28, 1862.

By New Baltimore.

At an early hour we find our brigade already marching. Coffee- and we follow through the entire military train and reach our regiment about eight o'clock. Still more prisoners. On the way while trying to reach our regiment we pass company E and meet Captain Korh who did picket duty with us. At the moment we march past a sergeant in temper throws his gun to the ground, it explodes and wounds two men, one of them twice, in the thigh and foot. On Wednesday our marching directions and movements were interrupted through counterorders. (sic) One part of the army returned.

Our regiment rests on a field by a large farm where General Siegel's headquarters* are located. After several hours of rest the movement again proceeds on a street in the north-easterly direction of Centerville and Manassas.

During the day manifold cannonades.

Towards evening thunderstorm with rain.

After the rain we arrive on a large open plain, interrupted here and there by forest, hills and knolls. Tremendous masses of troops are moving up. It is the field near the "Bullrun" Made To Order For A Battlefield. Shortly before sundown cannonades and small gunfire.

Battles at several points.  

Our brigade in battlearray (sic) preparing ahead of time to man different positions. Only our artillery is at present participating. A night we rest on highly situated plain without fire.

Our rations are all consumed, they are due tomorrow at noon.

*******************************************************

On August 28, 1862, General Siegel's headquarters are located along Manassas-Sudley Road at Henry Hill, not far from the intersection of the Warrenton Turnpike. Today it would be very near the entrance to the NPS Manassas Battlefield Park Visitor's Center.

Troop Movement Map 1
SECOND BATTLE OF MANASSAS
August 28, 1862    5:00 P.M. to 7:00 P.M.

Manassas National Battlefield Park, Virginia
United States Department of the Interior / National Park Service

379   | 25,001
DSC | Oct. '85

Produced by Eastern National Park and Monument Association

August, Wednesday 27, 1862

By New Baltimore.

Brisk march in heat of sun over New Baltimore.

About five o'clock rest in a forest.

Many prisoners are brought in by the cavalry.

We boil potatoes and cook coffee for the evening.

For the night four companies and the twenty-seventh regiment on picket duty.

Countersign Shiloh.

********************************************************

GRABNER, FRANCIS.-Age, 36 years. Enlisted at Virginia, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Co. K, November 21, 1861; transferred to Co. A, same date; no further record. 

45th_Infantry_ CW_Roster @p. 301   
See diary entry of Feb. 28.

KORN, GUSTAV.-Age, 23 years. Enrolled September 3, 1861, at New York city, to serve three years; mustered in as sergeant, Co. A, September 9, 1861; as second lieutenant, Co. I, May 16, 1862; as first lieutenant, Co. K, November 20, 1862; as captain, Co. A, August 13, 1863; as major, May 31, 1865; discharged, to date June 30, 1865; commissioned second lieutenant, July 21, 1862, with rank from May 16, 1862, vice M. Peter, promoted; first lieutenant, December 29, 1862, with rank from October 31, 1862, vice C. Barth, resigned; captain, August 7, 1863, with rank from May 29, 1863, vice H. Weller, resigned; major, May 31, 1865, with rank from January 1, 1865, vice C. Koch, promoted.

45th_Infantry_CW_Roster @p. 339   
See diary entry of Feb. 28.

MESSMAN, LEWIS.-AGE, 31, years. Enrolled at New York city, to serve three years, and mustered in as sergeant, Co. C, September 22, 1861; promoted first sergeant, March 1, 1863; mustered in as second lieutenant, Co. B, April 25, 1863; transferred to Co. B. Fifty-eighth Infantry, June 30, 1865; commissioned second lieutenant, June 3, 183, with rank from April 21, 1863, vice Lindimeyer, promoted.

45th_Infantry_CW_Roster @p. 360   
See diary entry of March 4.

August, Tuesday 26, 1862

Warrenton.

We awake five o'clock in the morning and have a beautiful view of the city.

We meet a vast amount of wagontrains. Before us in Warrenton as many troops as grains of sand by the ocean.

Behind Warrenton rest in a cool oakforest. Our noonday meal is being cooked and we have the opportunity through washing and rest to repair ourselves.

Here too we hear cannonthunder from time to time.

Extra feeding.

*******************************************************

We are at Manassas, VA taking in some of the events commemorating the 150th Anniversary of Second Manassas.

Today's diary entry is short, so I am entering information about a few men who were mentioned early in the diary.

*******************************************************
 SEMSEY, CHARLES.-Age, 36 years. Enrolled, September 9. 1861, at New York city, to serve three years; mustered in as major, October 7, 1861; discharged, June 15, 1862; commissioned major, November 4, 1861, with rank from October 7, 1861, original.

45th_Infantry_CW_Roster @p. 403

BICKELHAUPT, FREDERICK.-Age, 27 years. Enrolled, September 3, 1861, at New York city, to serve three years; mustered in as captain, Co. H, October 8, 1861; discharged, March 18, 1862; commissioned captain, November 4, 1861, with rank from September 3, 1861, original.

45th_Infantry_CW_Roster @p. 258

See diary entry of Feb 20

KRIEGER, FRIEDERICH.-Age, 20 years. Enlisted, August 28, 1861, at New York city, to serve three years; mustered in as corporal, Co. C, September 9, 1861; promoted sergeant, February 27, 1862; re-enlisted as a veteran, January 4, 1864; transferred to Co. C, fifty-eighth Infantry, June 30, 1865.

45th_Infantry_CW_Roster @p. 341

See diary entry of Feb 27


 

 

August, Monday 25, 1862

Battle by Fayetteville.

Morning: Rest.

Coffee, sugar and crackers are distributed. The meat which was cooked for us yesterday was brought to us today.

I find a beautiful salamander which I bring to Doctor Idler, who some time ago found a small turtle, whose meat I combine with beef and crackers and prepare a good soup.

Right after that new rations of raw meat, sugar, coffee, molasses and vinegar.

Two-thirty o'clock departure direction north west to Warrenton, while in the south of us the cannonade started where it was reported enemy Skirmishers had been seen. After a ten minute march the brigade, under arms, camps in the oakforest, front facing west towards the cannonade. Four-thirty o'clock changing of front towards north west. We are forming a battle line on a hill in the forest, twenty-seventh to our left. Three men from every company as guard skirmishers for coverage in the foreground. Company C - Lint* - Kohler** - Nachtman***. The cannon thunder ahead of us seems to come closer. We camp here until darkness sets in, about seven o'clock, where the batteries which had been silent now for one hour or so have been evacuated. The utter silence was interrupted through a number of musket volleys very close by us. After that our sharpshooter pickets are called in and we march most of the night in the direction towards. N. - N.W. Warrenton. The road is the stoniest interrupted by rivers of rainwater and puddles which makes our march a very difficult one. Added to all this, there is a boundless disorder in marching and the regiment has to halt every ten minutes to let a few of the front ones pass over the road difficulties whereas they then continue to march briskly and it is therefore impossible for the last ones to catch up, consequently the whole regiment is marching completely disrupted. Even the flags are separated. About one mile before Warrenton the greater part of the regiment assembles on a high hill to enjoy a few hours of sleep. The valley before us is shrouded in thick fog which in the darkness we mistook for a large river.

***********************************************************************************

*There is no LINT listed in the Roster. The name may be LINK.

LINK, CHARLES,-Age, 34 years. Enlisted September 13, 1861, at New York city, to serve three years; mustered in as corporal, Co. C, September 14, 1861; promoted sergeant, December 1, 1862; wounded in action, July 3, 1863, at Gettysburg, Pa.; died of his wounds, August, 17, 1863, at New York city.

45th_Infantry_CW_Roster @p. 349

**There are four Kohlers listed on the Roster, there is only one who was an officer and he was the only on with a connection to Company C.

THOMAS, KOHLER,-Age, 33 years. Enlisted, August 29, 1861, at New York city, to serve three years; mustered in as corporal, Co. C, September 9, 1861; promoted sergeant, September 1, 1862; first sergeant, September 22, 1863; re-enlisted as a veteran, January 4, 1864; mustered out by consolidation, June 30, 1864, at Nashville, Tenn.

45th_Infantry_CW_Roster @p. 338

***Although virtually all men mentioned in the diary are officers, the only NACHTMANN on the roster is not an officer. There are references to Nachtman(n) throughout the diary.

NACHTMANN, GEORGE,-Age, 39, years. Enlisted at New York icty to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Co. C, September 25, 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran, January 4, 1864; transferred to Co. C, Fifty-eighth Infantry, June 30, 1865.

45th_Infantry_CW_Roster @p. 367

August, Sunday 24, 1862.

Battle by Fayetteville.

Today as well, we did not make direct contact. In the morning we and several other brigades took positions near Foxville? under the lead of Siegel. The Enemy could not be enticed, or perhaps had left. At noon we returned from there and marched past Fayetteville Station where our kitchen from the companies had remained in order to cook meat, since for several days now we have been restricted to coffee and crackers in addition to fruit etc. that was supplied by the military road. We march over a hill within shooting range past the enemy battery. As soon as we had reached the top, the cannons (about four) which all along were exchanging fire with our batteries turned on us and our Company C received shortly after climbing the hill a pointed bomb which fell about seven paces from us. The bomb was a mild shot, which we saw and heard approaching in its broad side curving through the air and since it did not hit the ground with its point, "lucky for us," did not explode. It rolled up to our flank without doing any damage. Other bombs and cannonballs which now were fired fast, one after another traveled far above our heads and lost themselves in the right direction of the forest where several exploded while others burst in the air. After about ten rounds of shooting Company C was already over the hill (double quick) without casualties and took cover in the forest. Soon the rest of the regiment were across and we remained there in division - collonade (sic) for about another ten minutes while the bombs flew above and past us. We now were directly behind the hill on which our batteries were located, consequently could not very well be protected there. After this the enemy battery turned towards right direction where we follow and we moved our battery on a different hill by Sulphur Springs (?) behind which the brigade camped for cover for about one hour, whereupon the enemy fire stopped and from here too departed and left the countryroad (sic) to Warrenton free for us. (about five miles). This is where we marched to in the afternoon, with many interruptions. 

While part of the armycorps (sic) went to Warrenton we, our division, took a sideroad left, in the directon of Waterloo where we with beginning darkness, arrive. The weather was cool almost the entire day. The hilly countryside was the most gorgeous that one can imagine. We rest in an oakforest, very pleasant by innumerable watchfires, after we first had cooked coffee for ourselves.

During our march six to eight Rebel prisoners.  

August, Saturday 23, 1862

By Fayetteville.

Today we expected an encounter, instead we marched all day, or rather patrolled just like the rotating battery turret, presumably to deceive the enemy by going around or supposedly looking for them. We heard heavy gun and small gunfire at different points.

Evening - Rest on a hill (by Fayetteville?)

********************************************************

BASSON, RUDOLPH.-Age, 23 years. Enrolled, August 29, 1861, in New York city, to serve three years: mustered in as sergeant, Co. C, September 9, 1861; promoted sergeant-major, January 19, 1862; mustered in as second lieutenant, Co. E, March 18, 1862; first lieutenant, October 3, 1862; first lieutenant and adjutant, November 22, 1862; wounded in action May 2, 1863; mustered in as caption, May 2, 1863; discharged for disability, August 26, 1864, at Nashville, Tenn.; also borne as Augustus R.; commissioned second lieutenant. November 19, 1862, with rank from March 18, 1862, vice C. Barth, promoted; first lieutenant, November 19, 1862, with rank from October 3, 1862, vice A. Streck, promoted; first lieutenant and adjutant, February 20, 1863, with rank from November 22, 1862, vice A. Michaelis, promoted; captain August 7, 1863, with rank from May 3, 1863, vice L. Bisky, killed in action. 

August, Friday 22, 1862

Battle by --------------

Morning four o'clock marchingreadiness. After drinking coffee we start marching about six o'clock. Already at five o'clock the cannonade started: "For Reveille" or rather "Light out. -" We take new positions in western direction so we can go onto a country road one quarter mile north. Eight o'clock halt in a valley near a cornfield. Light rain. To our left heavy cannonade which completely coupures our terrain.

Coupure: In fortification (a) an intrenchment or fosse, made behind a breach by the besieged, through the glacis in the reentering angle of the covered way, to facilitate rallies by the besieged. )

Enemy in front apparently north west from us. Company C sixteen one-half file. Born, who already yesterday straggled behind, was missing today at departure without permission. Lieutenant Lomler was taken off command. Eight-forty-five o'clock: We have taken a new position on the front flank of our artillery which performs to our right and left. Left Schirmer's battery whose bombs have a pigeon like cooing, left Ohio Stahl are coming. The enemy replies with heavy guns and the bombs are bursting not too far from us, we are stationed behind a hill. The sun is coming through the clouds. Our front towards the west, that of our artillery apparently towards north west.

The cannonduel is continuing without a stop.

It appears that the cannons of the enemy do not carry so far since most of the cannonballs do not reach their target, while ours cause visible damage. Just now more of our artillery arrives with the whole brigade. To convince myself about the effect of the batteries I go with Captain Spangenberg on a hill where we can see two of the enemy batteries. They are situated on a now flat place and are standing completely free. The gunners are performing with great gallantry inspite of bombs often striking very close by. When the bombs hit the clay earth and explode, fire and dust burst into large flames. At one time a bomb hit so close by the battery, that we hoped to see everything in ruins but after the smoke cleared instead, a new shot was fired out of the smokeclouds and only one man from the crew ran towards a tree close by, apparently wounded. The cannonade continued until twelve o'clock when the enemy cannons and batteries were silenced. There supposedly were only four a weak triumph for our two batteries. At twelve o'clock, forty-fifth company for scouting party and respective picket duty close by Foxville (Routs Station Post Office) About two hours. Terrific heat. With us squadron of cavalry and two cannons from the mountain battery.

August, Friday 22, 1862. (cont)

Battle by Fayetteville.

After a brisk march of two hours we rest by a brook, while the cavalry goes towards the Rappahannock River on reconnaissance. At five o'clock during a thunderstorm we again arrive in Routs Station by Foxville. For about one and one-half hours, halt and picket duty for Company C. Part of the calvary follows us and brings in a prisoner who was shooting at them, he likewise reported that the enemy has put a bridge across the Rappahannock. We are retreating and half way to our camp are ordered to picket duty. Five companies are posted in the forest. Company C a few gunshots in front of forest in the road. Heavy cavalry patrol in front of us. In the evening several severe thunderstorms with a heavy downpour of rain, Very dark night. Towards nine o'clock we are ordered to return. Our old "Jakob Pehle" also called "Postpouch," correspondent of the evening paper got lost and was not missed until our return. Difficult march. Company C as cover for mountain battery. Dead tired and soaked through we arrive at our last camping place and we camp behind a troop of cavalry.

After about two hours of sleep a sudden outcry and call "enemy cavalry." --

A troop of cavalry rode through our camping place, a few gun pyramids were kicked over and had fallen onto the sleeping soldiers consequently the cause for the blind alarm.

During our absence our other four companies including the artillery were ordered to picket duty close by and also returned towards twelve o'clock.

The third brigade under General Bohlen and the Schurz brigade had crossed the Rappahannock River but met with heavy resistance. General Bohlen was killed and several regiments suffered heavily.

August, Thursday 21, 1862

Sulphur Springs, Battle by ----------

Four thirty o'clock reveille.

The recruiting party leaves at six o'clock.

After a three day allotment of sugar, coffee and crackers, we also receive twenty more cartridges so that everyone now, all in all, has sixty. Just as we are ready to leave, we receive orders to remain at ease until further notice. After eight o'clock march in the direction of Culpeper. We are marching fast and well, since the sky is cloudy and a light rain that fell during the night has kept the dust down. To our right in the direction of Warrenton heavy cannonade, (Burnside before Fredericksburg?)

General Sigel and several cavalry regiments are riding through our rows, ahead. Short rests from time to time. 

Arrival at Rappahannock Station. Battle by ----------- .

Towards eleven o'clock the regiments halt on an elevated meadow surrounded by a forest. Shortage of water in the neighborhood. In the afternoon changing of position through a march of about one mile. From time to time interrupted cannonthunder in distance of about two miles. Burnside and Banks are are to be in battle with the enemy. During the night the first brigade (we), rest behind a small forest into which front the artillery fires. Schirmer's battery to the right of the forest does not participate in it. We cook coffee for ourselves for evening. About eleven o'clock thunder storm with light rain. I remain dry in my large rubber blanket. 

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Battles heard could be Brandy Station in the vicinity of Stevensburg, VA. 

The river is probably the Rappahannock which runs between Culpeper to the south and Warrenton to the north.

August, Wednesday 20, 1862

Culpeper to Warrenton.

Without the assignment of a designated halting place, we are allowed a "two hour" rest, which however stretches into more than five hours until morning twilight. Many of the men have remained behind during our march and arrive about eight o'clock at our next halting place near the ---- river. During the night we observe a comet*, presently in sight. Today we continue with our march at a slower pace, and rest often. From the enemy as well as from our point of destination only doubtful reports. Our wagon train is proceeding us. I was wearing my high boots and my feet have become very sore, so that for the first time I dragged myself, about one hour late behind the regiment. About three o'clock we arrived in Jefferson? Jeffersonton?** and about five o'clock in Sulphur Springs. Tents are erected, our baggage is here and we have an excellent camp for the night, that is, after I had washed my limbs with bayrum, and changed into dry clothing. After a few hours of refreshing sleep, about eleven o'clock orders for departure for four o'clock. Meat is to be cooked and the tents are to be brought into the wagons.

The marching oder has been changed for six o'clock.

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*The comet now known as Swift-Tuttle was first seen in July 1862 and was visible through at least the end of August. It is the source of the mid-August Perseid meteor showers. Search for Swift-Tuttle for more information and some beautiful photos.

**Jeffersonton is about halfway between Culpeper and Warrenton (VA).

August, Tuesday 19, 1862

March from camp by Cedar Mountain, direction towards Culpeper C.H.

Long before one o'clock during the night we are awakened for our departure, still we do not march. The night is autumnal cold, foggy and dark. The moon is in the decline. Perhaps the darkness is the reason for our delayed departure. Towards four o'clock in the morning we march, interrupted by many halts. We rest while still dark for about forty-five minutes in order to let a number of cavalry regiments march ahead of us; later Schirmer's Artillery.

We pass quite a few infantry regiments who, under arms, are resting on adjacent fields. Generals Schenk and Stahl are with our division. Chief Amsberg is in command of our regiment. Towards daybreak we march under the command of General Schenk in platoons so the masses remain much closer together.

Six o'clock rest near the battlefield by Slaughter Mountain. We are marching with great care, apparently to guard against possible attacks in our rear. The enemy supposedly tried in full view of our pickets to cross the Rapidan.

The weather is, already, at eight o'clock quite warm.

About eleven o'clock: We are still resting, the entire army, near and partly on the battlefield. Almost all are camping in the neighboring oakforest which constituted part of the battlefield. Here too are hastily dug graves of the Secessionists - out of which the half decomposed corpses partly protrude. A member of the De Kalb regiment who at the time helped bury the dead, tells that by a fence eighteen corpses of ours, were found with bashed in skulls, evidently clubbed by the Rebels, who presumably denied them passage across the fence. March from camp by Cedar Mountain Culpeper.

I meet an intelligent soldier from the twenty-fifth Ohio regiment now with Ohio Artillery. He tells me many praiseworthy things about General Milroy "The Grey Eagle" who at this precise moment is riding past us. He boasts of his energy and bravery. Our extended halt evidently is depending or related with eventual movements of the enemy, over which one wants to move to Warrenton. It apparently was General Jackson's tactic during the battle here, that through a mock attack, or movement to our right flank in the direction form Madison C.H., to split our forces, whereas he later turned his main forces to attack our center.

Since we still are not marching I roam through part of the forest where the battle had been rather violent. Heaps of old clothing, emptied packs, parts of armature etc. are covering the ground. I also find graves of the Rebels who were hastily buried by ours so that still parts of the corpses are protruding, arms, feet etc. The hands have the appearance of dirty yellow gloves.  Sixteen to twenty in one pit which was filled above capacity without wanting to start a new one, wherefore the great heat and the unbearable decomposition stench excusably speaks. "That's the way they treat a man who serves his country" was the remark from a soldier standing by. However, the cricket was chirping its song and a cooling breeze moved gently through the oakwoods, as if "beast man" never had set foot upon these heavenly beautiful regions and yet thousands were resting here in this very forest, shaded from the hot rays of the sun and strength gathering for their perhaps renewed bloody handiwork, or looking for paltry pieces of loot among the enemy or comrades of the left behind dead.

The enemy apparently indulges in the general custom of robbing the belongings of the prisoners and the dead, out of the packs from their bodies, and if clothing, to exchange right there on the spot. Towards noon continuance of march.

With many interruptions we arrive in and march through Culpeper C.H. before twilight. It is one of those small southern cities, situated in gorgeous surroundings and they are keeping most of the slaves for their own comfort consequently have only a few for their industry.

Manifold has been the desertion of homes, some are used for hospitals. 

We continue to march until eleven o'clock in total darkness and on weedy roads interrupted every five minutes through halts since the wagons find it extremely difficult to get through.

 

August, Monday 18, 1862

By Cedar Mountain, Culpeper Va.

General mustering by orders of the war ministry to report all the missing soldiers and officers. Company C is fifty-eight men strong including those assigned to special duties, plus three officers = sixty-one. After that officers meeting. Lieutenant Dros elevated to captaincy Company J. (Vice Hochleiter resigns.) Different elevations to Lieutenants and Brevet Lieutenants which encounters unpleasant reactions. Scene between Major Dobke and Captain Dessauer who accuses the first of drunkeness. INTRIGUES ----which are to be resolve by General Sigel.

About three-thirty o'clock marching orders. All tents are being dismantled. Rations are allotted for three days. It is said that our wagons are returning. The newspapers reported several days ago Gordonsville was taken by ours. Also the recruiting party which was scheduled to leave tomorrow morning for New York, immediately after payment by the paymaster, must go with the regiment. Ordnance Sergeant Lomler is elevated to second Lieutenant assigned to our Company C. Brevet Lieutenant Koblanz now First Lieutenant transferred to Company A.

In the evening the marchorder is set for one o'clock in the morning. The night is cool and since our baggage is on the wagons and the blankets rolled in with it, our quarters for the night are quite cold.

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DESSAUER, FRANCIS.-Age, 28 years. Enrolled, September 4, 1861, to serve three years, and mustered in as a first lieutenant, Co. I, September 9, 1861; as captain, Co. B, March 10, 1862; killed in action, May 2, 1863, at Chancellorsville, Va.; commissioned first lieutenant, November 4, 1861, with rank from September 4, 1861, original; captain, not mustered, December 23, 1861, with rank from November 28, 1861, vice Jacob Mattern, resigned; recommissioned, April 5, 1862, with rank from March 10, 1862, vice himself, resigned; resignation revoked.

45th_Infantry_CW_Roster @ p. 274

DOBKE, ADOLPHUS.-Age 40 years. Enrolled September 2, 1861 at New York city, to serve three years; mustered in as captain, Co. D, September 24, 1861; as major, June 15, 1862; as lieutenant-colonel, May 19, 1863; transferred to Fifty-eighth Infantry, June 30, 1865; commissioned captain, November 4, 1861, with rank from September 2, 1861, original; major, August 28, 1862, with rank from June 15, 1862, vice Charles Semsey, resigned; lieutenant-colonel, August 7, 1863, with rank from May 11, 1863, vice E.C. Wratislaw, resigned; colonel, not mustered, March 16, 1864, with rank from January 22, 1864, vice G. Von Amsberg, discharged.

45th_Infantry_CW_Roster @ p. 277

LOMLER, ERNEST.-Age 24 years. Enrolled August 29, 1861, at New York city, to serve three years; mustered in as corporal, Co. C, September 9, 1861; promoted ordnance sergeant, September 12, 1861; mustered in as second lieutenant, Co. C, October 27, 1862; discharged, February 2, 1863; commissioned second lieutenant, November 4, 1862, with rank from August 31, 1862, vice H. Dietz, promoted.

45th_Infantry_CW_Roster @ p. 351

No reference found to a Lieutenant Keblanz/Koblanz or anything comparable in the Roster.